Ton-force to Sthène Converter

A ton-force (tf) is a unit of force equal to the gravitational force exerted by a mass of one ton (2,000 pounds) under standard Earth gravity. It equals approximately 8,896 newtons, representing very large forces in imperial systems.

The ton-force developed from traditional weight-based force measurements in English-speaking countries. It became important in heavy engineering, construction, and industrial applications where large forces needed to be expressed in familiar weight-equivalent terms.

Ton-force is used in heavy construction, large machinery specifications, structural engineering, and industrial applications in countries using imperial units. It's found in crane capacity ratings, heavy equipment specifications, and major structural load calculations.

A sthène (sn) is a unit of force in the metre-tonne-second (MTS) system, equal to 1,000 newtons. It was designed as part of an alternative metric system but never achieved widespread adoption.

The sthène was proposed in the early 20th century as part of the metre-tonne-second system, intended to provide more practical unit sizes for engineering applications. However, it was superseded by the adoption of SI units and never gained significant usage.

Sthènes are obsolete and rarely encountered in modern applications. They appear only in historical engineering literature and some specialized contexts. The unit has been completely replaced by kilonewtons and other SI force units in all practical applications.